Interboro Institute                                                                               

Course Number: HUM200

Course Name: World Literature

Prerequisite: EN101

 

Humanities 200                                                                          World Literature

Professor Cruz                                                                           Fall 2005

 

                                           Critical Essay Guidelines

General Recommendations for Success on the Critical Essay and the Essay Portion of the Final Examination:

1--Proficiency with the essay form argument--your first sentence must contain a clear thesis statement that will state what you intend to prove in the essay. It is argumentative in the sense that you are taking a position that will require substantiation through analysis; not paraphrase.

2--General knowledge. It is expected that you are familiar with works covered in the World Literature course. The materials chosen for this course were selected because many are recognized to have literary merit. This means interpretive literature that is universally applicable to the human condition and could be reread many times while still engaging the reader’s consciousness and revealing with each reading more meaning. Yes: it is necessary to read selections more than one time.  You should be familiar enough with some of the readings to make mention of them in your essay – those that apply to your subject. 

3--Do not summarize the plot--presume the reader knows it. Do not define common literary terms or figures of speech--again presume the reader knows.

4--Critical analysis--you must be able to do a close reading of the text you select. You should know it well enough to be able to quote a line or two from memory. Do not paraphrase. Interpret the text and select scenes that you think substantiate the thesis. It is the same process as quoting from a primary source to prove a thesis in a paper.

5--You must be able to make value judgments based on what you select. Some scenes and lines are more important than others, and you should be able to select what is most significant.

6--Criticism is important--for each work we have done plus your own research, you should be able to cite a critic who has reflected on the material. You may agree or disagree with what he/she says, but this kind of recollection adds depth to your work. For each genre, you should know a critic whose work has become standard for explicating a given work.

7--Allusion--several years ago, nine students took the class, and five of the nine scored extremely high on the test. One reason was the ability to allude to other works that impacted on the one under discussion. References to classical authors, novels, short stories, the bible etc. add depth to your work.  Don’t be afraid to compare and contrast.

8--Write a conclusion that refers to the thesis, and reminds the reader that you have substantiated the thesis.

9--Using standard written English, spelling, punctuation etc. Generally do not use slang.

10--It is unwise to cross out, erase, insert lines with arrows from the margins. The readers have a lot to do, and looking at this kind of work creates a negative first impression. Scratch out an outline first somewhere other than the answer paper before you begin to write anything. Study the question so you know what is asked before you begin to work.

11--Critical vocabulary is important. Readers expect you to be conversant with the major terms for each genre and use them appropriately:

Final Exam: Review & Sample Question

The emphasis of this course has been on close textual reading, critical interpretation, and appreciation. You have been introduced to key literary terms and required to produce thoughtful essays based on the material studied.

The Final Exam will include an 80-minute in-class writing in which you will respond to a question about a short story.  Please respond in a 5-paragraph essay (also known as the Standard College Essay); 80 minutes is plenty of time to write your response.

As you review the assigned text, consider the author’s use of plot, character, setting, point of view, style and voice, and finally, theme. If you are not familiar with these terms, please review “A Note on Fiction” pages 1099-1102, and “A Note on Poetry” pages 1103-1106; for a quick reference, see the “Glossary of Literary Terms” in the back of the text book, as well as the terms of literary analysis handout provided in class, and do not be afraid to do additional research on your own.

To prepare for the exam, read the “How to Write Literary Analysis” handout and consider the following sample question:

Sample Question: Contrast the three worlds—family, community and church —in which John moves. Why does Baldwin introduce them in that order?

(This is not the actual question for your exam, but it is similar in complexity.)

Please, don’t give up: we’re almost there….